ינהאַלט
The Federal Research Center for Nutrition, during a two-year analysis, identified more than 200 new biological markers of obesity, atherosclerosis, and metabolic syndrome. The results of this work will help improve the methods and indicators of treatment, because thanks to these facts, it is now possible to more accurately develop a diet and select medicines for a particular person. According to experts, now a quarter of the country’s population suffers from obesity, and individual selection of nutrition will help solve this problem.
In general, the FRC of Nutrition and Biotechnology has expanded the methods and possibilities for the treatment of many types of diseases that initially arise from improper human nutrition. The two-year study, which took place from 2015 to 2017, gives hope that diseases such as obesity, atherosclerosis, gout, vitamin B deficiency will be treated much more simply and effectively.
The most revealing biomarkers and their role
Leading FRC experts say that the most revealing biomarkers are immune proteins (cytokines) and protein hormones that regulate the desire to be satisfied and lack of appetite in humans, as well as vitamin E.
As for cytokines, they are considered special proteins that are produced in the cells of the immune system. Substances can cause an increase or decrease in inflammatory processes. Studies have shown that in the course of the development of the diseases named above, there are more cytokines that provoke enhanced reactions. Based on this, scientists concluded that the inflammatory reaction in the fatty layers and organs leads to obesity and a decrease in the body’s sensitivity to insulin.
The study of protein hormones has given reason to believe that the appetite for high-calorie foods, as well as sufficiently fatty foods, is based on a violation of their balance. As a result, the phenomenon leads to failures of the centers of the brain, which are responsible for the feeling of hunger and its absence. It is worth highlighting two main hormones with mirror-opposite actions. Leptin, which turns off hunger and ghrelin, which increases the intensity of this feeling. Their uneven number leads to human obesity.
It is worth emphasizing the role of vitamin E, which is a natural antioxidant and performs the function of preventing the oxidation of cells, DNA, and proteins. Oxidation can lead to premature aging, atherosclerosis, diabetes, and other serious diseases. In the case of obesity, there is an accumulation of a large amount of vitamin in white fat and the body experiences a very strong oxidative process.
The benefits and role of personal diets for obese patients
Experts report that before they simply limited the calorie content of the diet and thus carried out the treatment. But this method is ineffective, since not everyone can go through to the end and achieve the desired results. Such self-restraint is painful, both for the physical condition of the patient and for the psychological one. In addition, the indicator does not always become stable and constant. Indeed, for many, the weight returned immediately, as they left the clinic and stopped adhering to a strict diet.
The most effective way out of this situation is to conduct various tests and determine the patient’s biomarkers, as well as prescribing an individual diet based on the characteristics of the body of a particular person.
The most famous experts emphasize that obesity is not a standardized problem, but rather a deeply individual one with pronounced characteristics for each person. Often this factor depends on such indicators as nationality, gene affiliation, blood group, microflora. There are phenomena associated with the fact that individual peoples digest food differently. The northern part is predisposed to meat and fatty foods, while the southern part better absorbs vegetables and fruits.
According to official data in Russia, 27% of the population suffers from obesity, and every year the proportion of patients increases.